Nuclear regulation of mitochondrial functions during oocyte development

Mitochondria are important in eukaryotic cells due to their functions in energy production and regulation over other cellular activities. Oocytes are produced by a long and precisely controlled process, the dysfunction of which leads to impaired female fertility. As oocytes mature, mitochondria are constantly under the regulation of nuclear genes, the process of which can be modulated by extracellular signals. Understanding how nuclear genes regulate mitochondrial functions is important for studying animal reproduction and human fertility. As more and more genes regulating mitochondrial functions in oocytes are being revealed, new approaches for improving female fertility in both human and animals through mitochondria can be developed.     

基于非线性干扰观测器的自动弹仓终端滑模控制

针对某自动弹仓位置控制过程中的负载变化和不确定性干扰，设计了基于干扰观测器和非奇异快速终端滑模的复合控制策略，建立了自动弹仓的不确定性动力学模型。干扰观测器用于估计系统复合干扰，估计值用于补偿滑模控制器以增强控制器的鲁棒性和抗干扰能力。运用Lyapunov准则证明了系统闭环稳定。所提算法和PID算法的对比实验结果显示，设计的控制律实现了自动弹仓位置的精确控制，具有良好的鲁棒性，有效提高了自动弹仓的定位稳定性。     

胶版印刷废纸脱墨的研究

废纸经浮选脱墨后回收利用,可减少污染,节约能源和原材料,保护森林资源,具有很好的经济效益和环境效益。本文从浮选脱墨与矿物浮选的异同点出发,依据浮选脱墨机理,显示如何将浮选理论应用于脱墨的复杂工艺中。通过对胶印杂志纸的浮选脱墨研究,用浮选的基础理论解释了所得到的研究结果:药剂制度和操作条件对脱墨效率的影响。在试验的最佳条件下,能将纸浆白度从72.5%ISO提高至89.3%ISO。     

江西安义古村中女性使用空间的探讨

古今女性生活在截然不同的社会体系当中,中国古代社会中的女性生活空间存在特殊性,取江西省安义古村落中官、商、民三种地位和性质的女性使用空间进行具体分析,在浓墨重彩着重还原古代的同时对现代建筑中女性使用空间的处理方法进行描述.在古今比较中试图对现代的女性空间使用上提出借鉴.     

莫勒宅中的权力空间解读

文章以现代主义建筑大师路斯的代表作莫勒宅为例,在分析其空间可视性的基础上,从空间与权力的视角对莫勒宅进行解读,结合路斯其他住宅作品和设计思想,追寻其女性空间的设计动机,并指出空间的解读不应仅限于表象,更应注重分析设计者的创作意图和思想根源。     

钛合金内螺纹的电火花加工工艺研究

钛合金材料具有硬度高、强度大、导热系数小、弹性模量低的特点,采用机用丝锥进行钛合金内螺纹加工,经常导致丝锥损坏、螺纹成品率低,对应优化措施需要综合考虑因素多,不易掌握。尤其是小尺寸螺纹加工,难度更大。而电火花加工内螺纹技术成熟。通过M2规格钛合金内螺纹的电火花加工实例,确定了电极尺寸、放电参数和精度保证方式等工艺控制要点以及小尺寸钛合金螺纹电火花加工的工艺路径。试验表明:采用电火花加工钛合金内螺纹具有高效率、成本低、质量可靠的特点。     

Female-Headed Households and Achieving Home Ownership in Australia

This paper begins by identifying the growth in female-headed households in Australia. Despite this increase, it is argued that females still lag males in terms of home ownership rates (HORs) with women in Australia facing similar ownership challenges as those experienced in the UK and the USA. In seeking to establish any dynamic change, the study analyses female home ownership rates in Australia for two points in time, 1998 and 2008. Logit models are used to predict HORs. The results indicate that factors such as household type, income and source of income have an impact on rates of ownership. The paper concludes that female-headed households in Australia show an increasing propensity to purchase which match, or even exceed, those of male-headed households.     

Contributors

Abstract

The Emancipation Proclamation of 1862 marked more than the ostensible freeing of slaves in the United States; it also marked the beginning of a transmigration of black people that would forever alter the culture of the country. Many ex-slaves moved north or stayed in the South; others (far fewer in number) decided to test the American dream of success in the West that stretched from the Mississippi River to California and from Canada to Mexico.     

Polaroid,Aperture and Ansel Adams: Rethinking the Industry-Aesthetics Divide

This article takes the history of Polaroid photography as an opportunity to question a presupposition that underpins much thinking on photography: the split between industrial (i.e. useful) applications of photography and its fine art (i.e. aesthetic) manifestations. Critics as ideologically opposed as Peter Bunnell and Abigail Solomon-Godeau steadfastly maintain the existence of this separation of utility and aesthetics in photography, even if they take contrasting views on its meaning and desirability. However, Polaroid, at one time the second largest company in the photo industry, not only enjoyed close relations with those key representatives of fine art photography, Ansel Adams and the magazine Aperture, but it also intermittently asserted the ‘essentially aesthetic’ nature of its commercial and industrial activities in its own internal publications. The divide between industry and aesthetics is untenable, then, but this does not mean that the two poles were reconciled at Polaroid. While Aperture may have underplayed its commercial connections and Polaroid may have retrospectively exaggerated its own contributions to the development of fine art photography, most interesting are the contradictions and tensions that arise when the industrial and the aesthetic come together. The present article draws on original research undertaken at the Polaroid Corporation archives held at the Baker Library, Harvard, as well as with the Ansel Adams correspondence with Polaroid, held at the Polaroid Collections in Concord, Massachusetts.     

Response rate and reinforcement rate in Pavlovian conditioning.

Four experiments used delay conditioning of magazine approach in rats to investigate the relationship between the rate of responding, R, to a conditioned stimulus (CS) and the rate, r, at which the CS is reinforced with the unconditioned stimulus (US). Rats were concurrently trained with four variable-duration CSs with different rs, either as a result of differences in the mean CS-US interval or in the proportion of CS presentations that ended with the US. In each case, R was systematically related to r, and the relationship was very accurately characterized by a hyperbolic function, R = Ar/(r +c). Accordingly, the reciprocal of these two variables—response interval, I (= 1/R), and CS-US interval, i (= 1/r) – were related by a simple affine (straight line) transformation, I = mi+b. This latter relationship shows that each increment in the time that the rats had to wait for food produced a linear increment in the time they waited between magazine entries. We discuss the close agreement between our findings and the Matching Law (Herrnstein, 1970) and consider their implications for both associative theories (e.g., Rescorla & Wagner, 1972) and nonassociative theories (Gallistel & Gibbon, 2000) of conditioning. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2011 APA, all rights reserved)